What condition indicates the presence of efflorescence on masonry surfaces?

Efflorescence is a condition characterized by the appearance of white powdery deposits on masonry surfaces. This phenomenon occurs when water evaporates from the surface of the masonry, leaving behind soluble salts that were carried by the moisture. As the water migrates through the material, it dissolves these salts, which then crystallize on the surface as the water evaporates. The presence of these white deposits is a clear indication of efflorescence.

In contrast, other options like cracking of the masonry, chipping and flaking, or dark discoloration do not specifically indicate efflorescence. Cracking of the masonry could point to structural issues or stress, while chipping and flaking could be signs of weathering or deterioration of materials. Dark discoloration could suggest staining from various sources but does not directly relate to the presence of soluble salts or the efflorescence process. Understanding that efflorescence is distinctly identified by those white powdery deposits helps in diagnosing moisture-related issues within masonry.